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Encryption & Zero-Knowledge System

Gradiant’s encryption system provides end-to-end security through zero-knowledge proofs, quantum-resistant algorithms, and comprehensive key management.

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Architecture Overview

Zero-Knowledge Proofs

Privacy-preserving verification

Key Management

Secure key lifecycle

Data Encryption

End-to-end encryption

Quantum Resistance

Future-proof security

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Zero-Knowledge Proofs

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Implementation

Our zero-knowledge system ensures data privacy while enabling verification

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Circuit Components

import { SessionDataCircuit } from '@gradiant/zk';

const circuit = new SessionDataCircuit({
hashFunction: 'Poseidon',
curveType: 'BN254',
merkleTreeDepth: 20
});

const proof = await circuit.generateProof({
sessionData: encryptedData,
publicInputs: publicParams
});

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Key Management

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Key Hierarchy

Multi-layer key management system for enhanced security
  • Master Key (KMS)
  • Key Encryption Keys (KEKs)
  • Data Encryption Keys (DEKs)
  • Session Keys
  • Forward Secrecy Keys

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Implementation

const keyManager = new KeyManager({
  kmsProvider: 'aws',
  region: 'us-east-1',
  keyRotationPeriod: '30d',
  backupEnabled: true,
})

// Generate new data encryption key
const dek = await keyManager.generateDataKey({
  keySpec: 'AES_256',
  context: {
    purpose: 'session_encryption',
    userId: 'user_123',
  },
})

// Rotate keys
await keyManager.rotateKeys({
  keyType: 'data',
  gracePeriod: '7d',
})

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Data Encryption

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Encryption Layers

  • TLS 1.3 * Perfect forward secrecy * Strong cipher suites * Certificate pinning
  • End-to-end encryption * Zero-knowledge proofs * Homomorphic encryption * Secure key exchange
  • At-rest encryption * Key wrapping * Secure key storage * Backup encryption

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Implementation

import { DataEncryption } from '@gradiant/crypto';

const encryption = new DataEncryption({
algorithm: 'AES-256-GCM',
keyDerivation: 'HKDF',
padding: 'PKCS7'
});

// Encrypt data
const encrypted = await encryption.encrypt({
data: sensitiveData,
key: dek,
associated: metadata
});

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Quantum Resistance

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Algorithms

Prepared for post-quantum threats with hybrid cryptography
  • CRYSTALS-Kyber (Key Encapsulation)
  • CRYSTALS-Dilithium (Digital Signatures)
  • SPHINCS+ (Hash-based Signatures)
  • Classic McEliece (Alternative KEM)

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Implementation

const quantumResistant = new QuantumResistantCrypto({
  kemAlgorithm: 'Kyber1024',
  signatureAlgorithm: 'Dilithium5',
  useHybridMode: true,
})

// Generate quantum-resistant keypair
const keyPair = await quantumResistant.generateKeyPair()

// Encapsulate key
const { ciphertext, sharedSecret } = await quantumResistant.encapsulate({
  publicKey: keyPair.publicKey,
})

// Decapsulate key
const decapsulated = await quantumResistant.decapsulate({
  ciphertext: ciphertext,
  privateKey: keyPair.privateKey,
})

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Homomorphic Encryption

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Features

Perform computations on encrypted data
  • Partial homomorphic encryption
  • Somewhat homomorphic encryption
  • Fully homomorphic encryption
  • Optimized for specific operations

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Implementation

const homomorphic = new HomomorphicEncryption({
  scheme: 'BFV',
  securityLevel: 128,
  polyModulusDegree: 4096,
})

// Encrypt numbers
const encrypted1 = await homomorphic.encrypt(5)
const encrypted2 = await homomorphic.encrypt(3)

// Perform operation on encrypted data
const encryptedSum = await homomorphic.add(encrypted1, encrypted2)

// Decrypt result
const sum = await homomorphic.decrypt(encryptedSum) // 8

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Forward Secrecy

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Protocol

Ensures past communications remain secure

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Implementation

const forwardSecrecy = new ForwardSecrecyProtocol({
  ratchetAlgorithm: 'Double',
  kdf: 'HKDF-SHA256',
  messageKeyLimit: 100,
})

// Initialize session
const session = await forwardSecrecy.initSession({
  identityKey: localIdentityKey,
  preKey: remotePreKey,
})

// Send message
const encrypted = await session.encrypt('Hello')

// Receive message
const decrypted = await session.decrypt(encrypted)

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Best Practices

Key Rotation

Regular key rotation schedule

Encryption Validation

Verify encryption integrity

Secure Storage

Protected key storage

Audit Logging

Track encryption operations

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Troubleshooting

  • Check key permissions * Verify key version * Ensure key availability * Check rotation status
  • Validate input format * Check algorithm compatibility * Verify key integrity * Review operation logs
  • Monitor operation timing * Check resource usage * Optimize key cache * Review batch operations

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Support

Need help with encryption? Contact our security team:

Security Support

Contact security team

Technical Docs

View technical guides